DIR / T - to have somebody do something

The days are hot in Baku in July. It's hard to work up enough energy to post when the temperatures soar to 36 and beyond. Easier to lounge on the balcony with a good book, hoping for the relief of a light breeze and listening to the sounds from the street. One hawker goes by late every morning calling "moruq, çiyələk, marina." The first is raspberries, the second strawberries, and the third I have no idea. It sounds like marina, but perhaps I've got it wrong. Maybe it's Russian? (I've been told since that it is malina - Russian for moruq.) If I weren't so lazy I would go down and ask him to sell me some strawberries!* (See if I have got this right.)

Anyway, a short posting about these kind of verbs...

Feli bağlama - basic list

There are many feli bağlama in Azerbaijani. Here is a basic list.

1. -əndə - meaning "when" 

2. -əndən sonra - meaning "after" 

3. -məzdən qabaq -məzdən əvvəl -məmişdən qabaq -məmişdən əvvəl - meaning "before" 

4. -ə + bilmək - meaning "to be able to do something" 

5. -ib - a stylistic usage

When two verbs have the same ending, Azerbaijani changes the first to an -ib suffix, regardless of the tense. The verb is the same tense as whatever verb follows it. This usage is more for varying sounds and does sound very nice when spoken.

6. -ə -ə - for repeated action

For a repeated action that is happening at the same time as the final verb in the sentence, the first verb is repeated with the ə ending attached to the verb root.

7. -əndən bəri - meaning "since" 

8. --ən kimi - meaning "as soon as" 

9. -ənə qədər -ənə kimi -ənəcən -ənə dək - meaning "until" 

10. -ənə qədər -ənə kimi -ənəcən -ənə dək - meaning "before"

11. -ənə qədər -ənə kimi -ənəcən -ənə dək - meaning "while" 

12. -məmiş -mədən

13. -dikcə - meaning "The more..."

14. -dikcə - meaning "whenever" 

Feli bağlama -ə + bilmək

There are many feli bağlama in Azerbaijani. Verb suffixes can change the meaning of a verb and its relationship to the second verb in a sentence. These are a bit difficult but very useful.

 -ə + bilmək - meaning "to be able to do something" 

Instead of an infinitive, an ə is added to the end of a verb root to create a new verb form that is used with bilmək. A very easy form to learn.

present - 

Mən azərbaycanca danışa bilirəm. I can speak Azerbaijani.

Onlar cavab verə bilmirlər çünki oxumadılar. They could not answer because they did not study.

Sən gecə işləyə bilirsən? Can you work late?

Mən sənnən danışa bilmir çünki o məşğuldur. He can't talk with you because he is busy. 

indefinite future -

Mən darsı verə bilərəm. I can give a lesson (and I am willing to do it).

O ərzaq ala bilər. He can buy some food.

Sən pianino çala bilərsən? Can you (and are you willing to) play the piano? 

Siz radio söndürə bilərsiz? Can you (and are you willing to) turn off the radio?

di past -

Dünən kitabxanaya gedə bilmədim. Yesterday I couldn't go to the library.

Orda işləyəndə o işdə lanç ala bilirdi. When he worked there he could buy his lunch at work.

Feli bağlama -məzdən qabaq -məzdən əvvəl -məmişdən qabaq -məmişdən əvvəl

There are many feli bağlama in Azerbaijani. Verb suffixes can change the meaning of a verb and its relationship to the second verb in a sentence. These are a bit difficult but very useful.

 -məzdən qabaq -məzdən əvvəl -məmişdən qabaq -məmişdən əvvəl - meaning "before" 

The second verb happened before the first. Again, a practical verb suffix.

Mən yatmamışdan qabaq kitab oxuyam. I read a book before going to sleep.

Sən işə getməzdən əvvəl siqaret çəkirsən. You smoke a cigarette before going to work.

Siz qərara gəlməmişdən əvvəl mənə danışın. Speak to me before coming to a decision.

Teatra getməzdən qabaq bilet alaram. I will buy a ticket before I go to the theater.

Feli bağlama -əndən sonra

Feli bağlama are verb suffixes that create new verbal relationships. There are many feli bağlama in Azerbaijani. Verbal suffixes can change the meaning of a verb and its relationship to the second verb in a sentence. These are a bit difficult but very useful.

 -əndən sonra - meaning "after" 

The second verb takes place after the first. This verb suffix is also very common in spoken Azerbaijani and is easy to learn.

Yeyəndən sonra çimmək olmaz. One shouldn't swim after eating.

İşə gedəndən sonra evə getdi. After going to work he went home.

Onlar fikirlaşandan sonra cavab verdilər. After thinking they gave their answer.

Qadın qabıları yuyandan sonra yığıb. The women cleaned the dishes and put them away.